# I. Introduction What is Popularex? Welcome to Populárex, a revolutionary popularity and reputation management system based on blockchain technology and the collective intelligence of society. We will explain its operating principles and its capabilities. Populárex is the premier Web3 platform designed for expressing public opinions and curating rankings for a wide range of objects, events, and phenomena. It's engineered to measure, predict, and promote popularity based on collective evaluation and active community engagement.\ \ The name of the platform symbolizes the exchange of information and expert opinions in a decentralized social environment, where every user becomes an expert by participating in collective voting that reflects the wisdom of the crowd. Populárex is the "home of freedom of speech," where every voice matters, and voting brings pleasure and benefits to society. It is based on the principles of democracy, transparency, and sustainability, and combines blockchain technology, social media, and game mechanics to provide equal opportunities for open expression of preferences and beliefs. In the competitive and gaming mode, users daily discover and jointly promote the most trending Objects of popularity, express their attitude towards them, and thus write the story of popularity and reputation. Populárex can be used for personal brand or organization branding, increasing their visibility. This technology can also predict the popularity and reputation of various objects such as young artists, new products, sports tournament favorites, political race leaders, NFT collections, and more. ## Technology The platform is community-managed and operates on the [POPXChain](https://popxchain.org) blockchain using its native coin, POPX, for transactions and interaction with decentralized dApps. In the Populárex dApp, POPX serves as an in-game "attention energy" currency that is converted into popularity and serves as its unit of measurement. It is necessary for: * Launching ToPs (Tokens of Popularity), which are special Social NFT (SNFT) standard tokens that serve to immortalize information about unique Objects of Popularity (object) and public opinion about them on the blockchain. * Exchanging for VOTs (Vote & Opinion Tokens), which are used to gain influence, vote and promote ToPs in the ranking, as well as to express one's attitude and opinion. VOTs are ERC1155 standard tokens associated with the popularity of a specific ToP and are created (minted) by the user at the time of voting. 100% of all VOTs created belong to the voting participants. Join the Populárex community and become part of the global history of popularity and public opinion! # II. Popularity game [Vote & Promote](/ii.-popularity-game/vote-and-promote)\ \ [Game rules](/ii.-popularity-game/game-rules)\ \ [How to play](/ii.-popularity-game/how-to-play) ----------------------------------------------- # Vote & Promote Popularity is a social phenomenon that reflects the amount of attention people pay to what they are attracted to. When someone or something catches our attention, we become interested, seek information, evaluate, and tell others. This is where we invest our energy, which can be called "attention energy". On social media, audience attention energy is converted into likes and subscriptions. Their quantity is considered a measure of the popularity of posts, accounts, tweets, etc. Taking actions of evaluation or subscription can be equated to voting. In this voting, the influence of each user on popularity is limited to only one vote (for example, a like). Based on their total amount, a rating is formed for each account. However, with the development of the bot industry, it has become difficult to trust ratings based on likes in social media. At the same time, despite the existence of various ratings (for example, of movies, music, etc.), social surveys, etc., the voting in them is not transparent, and therefore its results may not be reliable. Currently, there is no unified rating for everything known to society. We do not know the true attitude of society to most concepts, events, and phenomena in their own and other countries. Populárex aims to solve these problems and suggests looking at popularity as the result of decentralized crypto-voting. It allows solving 3 tasks: * Ensure safe, transparent, and open voting and expression of opinions on anything. * Promote the popularity of ToP and at the same time, one's own. * Manage one's influence through Upvoting (buying VOTs) or Downvoting (selling VOTs). Crypto-voting involves the exchange of a user's attention energy, which they evaluate in blockchain coins, for influence votes VOTs (Upvoting). Users who have purchased VOTs are called Sponsors of Popularity (sponsors). Through Upvoting, they acquire Influence and influence the growth of ToP's popularity, thereby promoting its positions in the global Popularity Ranking (PR) of the platform. The influence of each sponsor in ToP is equal to the total value of all VOTs purchased by the sponsor for this ToP. Sponsors who participate in the promotion of one ToP form a community of sponsors around it, or ToP Sponsors Club. Participants in this club are united by a common goal - to increase the popularity of ToP and promote their opinions about the object of popularity. By joining this club, users accept this goal as their main one and agree to the rules of the game. *This section is subject to additions and modifications. Stay tuned for updates.* # Game rules Populárex users compete to gain maximum Influence and increase their own popularity. Influence determines the promotion of Popularity Tokens (ToPs) and associated objects in the global Popularity Ranking (PR). Increasing their own Influence allows users to promote their positive or negative opinions on popular objects, as well as themselves as Popularity Sponsors. Based on the Influence possessed by each Sponsor of a specific ToP, the ToP Sponsors Ranking is constructed on the token's page. The total Influence possessed by a Sponsor across different tokens determines their position in the Global Sponsors Ranking. Participation in these rankings allows Sponsors to compete with each other to achieve and maintain top positions. The individual who occupies and maintains top positions, thanks to their Influence, becomes popular and receives greater attention from the community and their opinions. The individual who reaches 1st place in a token acquires the status of General Sponsor. To achieve maximum results, a Sponsor can compare the historical and current PR rankings with the actual and potential popularity of an object in society. Users also need to identify regional trends at an early stage and monitor their development in the international community. External events can also influence changes in popularity. Therefore, it makes sense to pay attention to news and events that are happening around a popular object and can directly influence its popularity, as well as the associated ToP. Sponsors Clubs of different ToPs, objects of which are opposed to each other in real life (for example, sports teams), can compete with each other in promoting the positions of these ToPs in the Popularity Ranking. Members of one Sponsors Club with opposing viewpoints can also compete in groups for influence on public opinion, trying to win over the undecided to their side. On the [Votes page](https://popularex.com/deals), users can track other users' voting in real-time, and on the [Sponsors page](https://popularex.com/sponsors), they can subscribe to those whose game strategy seems most attractive to them. *This section is subject to additions and modifications. Stay tuned for updates.*
# How to play [Registration](/ii.-popularity-game/how-to-play/registration)\ \ [Upvoting & Influence acquisition](/ii.-popularity-game/how-to-play/upvoting-and-influence-acquisition)\ \ [Downvoting and Influence reducing](/ii.-popularity-game/how-to-play/downvoting-and-influence-reducing) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Registration To enter the game, you need to register on the [POPXChain](https://popxchain.org) blockchain. Registration is done through the decentralized POPXWallet, which also serves as user authentication. During registration, each user receives a unique IDNFT token, which contains the user's account information, nickname, avatar, etc. The wallet stores blockchain coins as well as any tokens acquired by the user. In addition to the Populárex dApp, the wallet can be used for authentication and payments in any other blockchain dApps. To launch new ToPs, participate in upvoting, and express their opinions, users need to acquire the native coin of the [POPXChain](https://popxchain.org) blockchain. It can be acquired through the wallet on the [POPXChain](https://popxchain.org) website or through any dApp that operates on the blockchain. # Upvoting & Influence acquisition Users can sponsor the popularity of ToPs by performing Upvoting or decrease its popularity by performing Downvoting. When users Upvote any ToPs, they exchange their "attention energy" (measured in POPX) for influence votes (VOTs). At the moment of exchange, VOTs are minted. The exchange takes place according to the influence [vote acquisition formula](/v.-tokenomics-of-vots#vots-minting-formula) presented in the "[Tokenomics of VOTs](/v.-tokenomics-of-vots)" section. To promote any unique ToP, the community mints VOTs that can be used for voting only for that specific ToP. The exchange occurs by sending POPX to an "automated market maker (AMM)" voting smart contract. The AMM smart contract deposits all POPX liquidity and manages the exchange rate for VOTs. Minting new VOTs for voting becomes more expensive for new sponsors than for previous ones, while also increasing their influence. This property reflects the increase in demand for VOTs. Influence is measured as the cost of all VOTs minted by the sponsor. As the popularity of a ToP grows, so does the price of acquiring additional influence. The total influence of all sponsors of popularity for one ToP forms the ToP Influence Capitalization (ToP Cap). ToP Cap is equal to the total number of POPX coins received in the AMM voting smart contract for that ToP. Based on the ToP Cap of various tokens, their ranking in the Popularity Ranking takes place. # Downvoting and Influence reducing Sponsor can, at any moment, perform a Downvoting and reduce their Influence[^1] by any amount of VOTs. To do this, they give their VOTs to the AMM and receive back their "attention energy" (measured in POPX). The reve[^2]rse exchange takes place at the current Downvote price, which is calculated as described in the "[Tokenomics of VOTs](/v.-tokenomics-of-vots#influence)" section. If a user returns all of their VOTs to the AMM, their Influence will become equal to 0, however, the Influence of the remaining ToP sponsors will remain unchanged. The [Downvote price ](/v.-tokenomics-of-vots#downvote-price)increases alongside the growing popularity of the ToP and the rising demand for VOTs. After each voting event, the Downvote price always remains lower than the actual cost of acquiring VOTs. This difference is mathematically limited and fluctuates within 20%. According to the formula, the higher the volume of Influence acquired by the sponsor, the lower the actual cost of acquiring VOTs. The exception is the first VOTs minting, as their actual acquisition cost equals the Downvote Price. This Upvoting and Downvoting mechanism helps to achieve the following goals: * Motivates users to launch and promote new popularity tokens to become the first General Sponsor; * Eliminates speculation on VOTs, making them a suitable instrument for crypto-voting; * Allows users to retain at least 80% of their "attention energy" and redirect it to other ToPs if desired. [^1]: Influence represents a user's impact on the popularity of a token and the reputation of the associated popularity object. It shows how much a user can affect the token's rating and popularity, as well as the reputation of the related popularity object, by upvoting (Upvoting) or downvoting (Downvoting) using their acquired votes (VOTs). More Influence means a greater impact on the final voting outcome and overall reputation. [^2]: # III. Popularity Ranking & Reputation Score ## [Popularity Ranking (PR)](/iii.-popularity-ranking-and-reputation-score/popularity-ranking-pr) ## [Reputation Score (RS)](/iii.-popularity-ranking-and-reputation-score/reputation-score-rs) ## [PR & RS Graphs](/iii.-popularity-ranking-and-reputation-score/pr-and-rs-graphs) # Popularity Ranking (PR) Sic parvis magna! Anything that can be measured can be influenced, and that includes popularity! Populárex is a super cool tool that not only measures popularity but also helps you have an impact on it. And that's where the Popularity Ranking comes in! ## The principle of "Sic parvis magna" (Latin) This groovy Latin phrase translates to "Greatness from small beginnings." It was the motto of the famous explorer Sir Francis Drake, and it's also at the heart of Populárex and its ranking system. It means that anyone has the chance to popularize something that might not be well-known or famous yet but has the potential to become a big deal once more people find out about it. It gives every trend, concept, or phenomenon a chance to be noticed and appreciated. For example, fans of an up-and-coming music star can use this to boost their favorite artist or new album's position in the Popularity Ranking, making them more visible. A social activist can draw attention to a particular issue. A company can grab the spotlight for its brand or new product. Projects, brands, bloggers, and eventually every user can use Populárex for self-promotion and get valuable feedback from their followers, subscribers, and fans. *This section is subject to additions and modifications. Stay tuned for updates.*
# Reputation Score (RS) This rating measures the influence of the international public opinion of the Populárex community on the reputation of Objects of popularity. It is based on binary voting ("like" or "dislike"), which users can use to express and demonstrate their positive or negative attitude towards the Object of popularity to the community. Participation in this voting is a privilege of the token Sponsors, as expressing an opinion requires the purchase or possession of influence votes, VOTs. \ \ In the Populárex **Reputation Score Ratio**, the ratio of the value of Influence directed towards the **Positive Reputation Score** to the value of Influence directed towards the **Negative Reputation Score** is calculated as a percentage. Thus, the Reputation Score Ratio reflects the polar points of view of the society on the Object of popularity. \ \ The more VOTs a Sponsor owns, the greater their influence on shaping public opinion about the Object of popularity. As in real life, any public expression of positive or negative attitude attracts the attention of society and thus increases popularity. \ \ Despite the simplicity of binary voting, RR can reflect the desire of the community to express a wide range of opposing attitudes towards the Object of Popularity, for example, to express Love/Hate; Attraction/Repulsion; Approval/Disapproval, Agreement/Disagreement, etc. \ \ For example, a user decided to become a Sponsor of the popularity of a well-known politician's ToP. The politician published their program, which the Sponsor approves of today. The Sponsor votes for them with a thumbs up (like). At that moment, the Sponsor's VOTs are transferred to the Positive Reputation Score. Then the politician did not fulfill their promises or said something unreasonable the next day. The Sponsor disagrees with them, changes their opinion, and votes with a thumbs down (dislike). Then all of the Sponsor's VOTs go to the Negative Reputation Score, thereby showing their disapproval to society. Since people's opinions can change to the opposite at any moment, the platform provides Sponsors with the right to change their attitude an unlimited number of times with each Upvoting. *This section is subject to additions and modifications. Stay tuned for updates.* # PR & RS Graphs Popularity Ranking & Reputation Score Graphs Each change in Popularity Ranking (PR) and Reputation Score (RS) is recorded and stored in the blockchain, making Populárex a repository and source of historical data for these ratings. These indicators allow for the creation of graphs showing changes in popularity and public sentiment (Positive and Negative Reputation Ratings) over time on each ToP's page. This data can be useful for finding and analyzing correlations between Populárex ratings and the popularity of real-life objects of popularity or the value/popularity of assets on different markets. PR and RS rating indicators for popularity tokens can also be useful for other websites. Owners of such resources can place a special Widget on their pages, which demonstrates to their audience what society thinks of the object of popularity mentioned on the page. *This section is subject to additions and modifications. Stay tuned for updates.* # IV. Tokens of Popularity (ToPs) ToPs (Tokens of Popularity) are Social NFT tokens created and managed by the Popularex community. The function of these tokens is to store information about unique and important objects and events in society, their historical popularity, and public opinions about them. Based on ToPs, a blockchain-based encyclopedia of knowledge about objects and their reputation is created. The main feature of ToPs is that they have no owner, as they are the property of the entire Populárex community. Any user can initiate their launch, and the Validator community can approve or reject them. Additionally, any Popularex user can propose corrections to the data recorded in a ToP if they believe it to be erroneous or infringing on someone's rights. The existence of ToPs does not depend on their popularity. Even if a ToP's popularity drops to zero in the rankings and all sponsors withdraw their votes, it continues to exist and be available for study. Its popularity can be revived with the arrival of a new sponsor. *This section is subject to additions and modifications. Stay tuned for updates.* # Creating ToPs Creating and launching a ToP on Populárex is the process of registering information about a unique Object of Popularity on the POPXChain and promoting it in the global ranking. The user who launches the ToP and casts the first vote becomes its first General Sponsor. Before launching, the user must fill in the information about the new Object of Popularity in compliance with all the rules. There are three main rules on the platform when creating a token: Uniqueness, Publicity, and Authenticity: * Uniqueness - each ToP must be unique, which means that only one unique Object of Popularity can correspond to one ToP, and only one ToP can correspond to one Object. * Publicity - information about the Object must be open and accessible to the public. * Authenticity - the data about the Object of Popularity must be accurate. The community of Validators is responsible for checking the uniqueness and compliance of the created tokens with the platform's rules. *This section is subject to additions and modifications. Stay tuned for updates.* # Objects of popularity In order for the community to identify the Object of Popularity associated with a ToP, the token creator must provide a link to an open, public, and reliable source of information about it. This is necessary to verify the uniqueness of the ToP. To validate the information and ensure its uniqueness, Validators may use various sources, such as Wikipedia, Opensea, CoinMarketCap, Twitter, YouTube, Instagram, and others that may be acceptable. Alternative methods may also be used to validate the information, which will be announced later. Objects of Popularity can include names, titles, or concepts known in the present or in the past. Any Object for which a user creates a ToP must correspond to one or more Categories/Tags, such as \[Person], \[Brand], \[City], \[Country], \[Sport], \[Place], \[Idea], \[Phenomenon], \[Website], \[Song], \[Movie], and so on. The list of approved categories may be expanded by the community in the future. When a user creates a token, they must assign it at least one Tag. For each category titled Tag, a Popularity Sub-Ranking is created, in which tokens compete for higher positions. The potential number of such rankings is not limited. *This section is subject to additions and modifications. Stay tuned for updates.* # Personal ToP Populárex offers the ability to launch ToPs, whose objects are publicly known and verifiable. If a user is a public figure, a representative of a brand or organization that is not well known, and wants to become an Object of Popularity and launch their own ToPs, they can verify their account. Verification allows users to link their blockchain account IDNFT to their ToP in Populárex. Verified users receive a special badge and a link to their account on the ToP page, which allows them to demonstrate support for their popularity token to the community. *This section is subject to additions and modifications. Stay tuned for updates.* # Popularity Symbol A Symbol is a unique identifier that is automatically assigned by the smart contract to any new ToP and all VOTs that are minted for it. The Symbol can consist of digits and letters that are present in the Object of Popularity name. For example, the ToP for Donald Pump and its VOTs will be called $DNLDPRMP, while tokens for New York or Barcelona will receive the Symbol $NYRK and $BRCLN, respectively. *This section is subject to additions and modifications. Stay tuned for updates.* # ToP Art The original image that graphically symbolizes the Object of Popularity is called ToP Art. The General Sponsor of the token uploads the Art when creating the token. ToP Art must be unique and specifically created for the token. If the General Sponsor uploads Art that is irrelevant to the Object, does not comply with token creation rules or originality requirements, Validators may create another Art that is more appropriate or original. *This section is subject to additions and modifications. Stay tuned for updates.* # General Sponsor Of Popularity The first sponsor who uses their coins to bring a Popularity Object to life, vote for it, and promote its popularity, earns the status of General Sponsor of Popularity. This sponsor becomes the leader of the ToP Sponsors Club list and holds the highest influence among all ToP sponsors, placing them at the top or first place of the ToP Sponsors Ranking, which is displayed on each token's page. When another user acquires the highest influence in a token, they become the new General Sponsor of Popularity, and the previous sponsor moves down to second place in the ToP Sponsors Ranking. Being a General Sponsor of Popularity comes with social benefits, such as having their avatar displayed on the ToP card and their nickname listed in the header on each ToP's page. The Global Sponsors Ranking is also published on the Populárex/Sponsors page in real-time. In summary, becoming a General Sponsor of Popularity is prestigious and advantageous, as it allows sponsors to increase their own popularity. *This section is subject to additions and modifications. Stay tuned for updates.* # Launchpad & Validation Queue All newly created ToPs are published on the Launchpad section of the Populárex website, where they wait for their turn to be validated and launched. Validation is the process of verifying the information recorded in a ToP for uniqueness and compliance with the rules. This validation is carried out by members of the community called Validators, and their number is limited. A certain number of tokens are validated each day, which are checked in the order of the Validation Queue. \ Any user who wants to speed up the launch of a ToP can make a Boost launch by upvoting it. The token is moved up in the Validation Queue, and Validators review it faster. Any user who has applied or received an invitation can become a Validator. Validators receive tasks on a special page that is only accessible to them. They are shown all the information about the token and Object, which is compared to the data provided by the first General Sponsor. In addition to approval or rejection, Validators may suggest changes to the token data if they see a need for it. If Validators reject the launch, the ToP is canceled, and Sponsors can exchange their VOTs back to blockchain coins. Once a ToP has passed validation, a countdown timer is activated. At the moment of launch, the ToP appears on the Popularity Ranking. *This section is subject to additions and modifications. Stay tuned for updates.* # V. Tokenomics of VOTs ## VOTs minting formula In the Automated Market Maker (AMM) voting smart contract, a mathematical correlation exists between the rising value of VOTs and the expansion of their issuance volume. As more VOTs are minted, their price goes up, and the price remains stable when they are sold. This fluctuation in value follows a specific curve:

Upvote price vs. Total VOTs for ToP

On this graph, we can see the dependency between Upvote Initial Price (represented on the vertical Y-axis) and Total VOTs (displayed on the horizontal X-axis). The depicted curve is derived from a specific formula:
The Upvote Initial Price is the kickoff price for VOTs in each new round of voting, rallying behind a ToP. This starting price sets the stage for calculating the number of VOTs users obtain. The Upvote Initial Price springs into action and grows with each POPX-to-VOTs exchange. Total VOTs embody the grand sum of VOTs issued by the smart contract since its very first exchange. Total VOTs comprise VOTs in circulation, meaning the tokens sponsors currently hold, as well as all sold or deactivated VOTs. For the initial upvoting round, there are zero VOTs in play, making the Upvote Initial Price for the first sponsor a clean slate - a flat zero. ## How many VOTs I get To understand the number of VOTs a user will receive for the deposited amount of POPX, let's refer to the graph below:

Estimating the quantity of VOTs a sponsor acquires through the minting process

On the given graph, the sum allocated for upvoting a ToP - Sponsored in POPX - is depicted by the shaded area of the figure under the curve: * On the left side (along the X-axis), the figure is bounded by the initial Total VOTs value prior to upvoting, which corresponds to the Upvote Initial Price (on the Y-axis) before upvoting. * On the right side (along the X-axis), the figure is constrained by the aggregate volume of Total VOTs following upvoting, which corresponds to the future Upvote Initial Price (on the Y-axis) resulting from upvoting. Our goal is to ascertain the length of the bottom side of this figure, running parallel to the X-axis. This length represents the desired VOTs quantity a user will receive upon purchase. The emission volume of VOTs relies solely on the amount of POPX tokens being exchanged. In order to compute the VOTs quantity, we just need to know the total number of coins users have spent on acquiring VOTs or Sponsored in POPX, as well as the Total VOTs within the token before upvoting:
## Influence Influence refers to the combined value of all VOTs acquired by a user and is subject to fluctuations in the current Downvote Price:
## Downvote Price The Downvote Price represents the average price at which users can initiate a downvote at any given time. A new Downvote Price is established after each upvoting round. The Downvote Price is calculated as the ratio of the ToP Cap to the number of VOTs in circulation (i.e., owned by all Sponsors):
When a sponsor initiates a downvoting action, they return some or all of their VOTs to the AMM by exchanging them for POPX at the prevailing Downvote Price. As a result of downvoting, the ToP Cap (Popularity Ranking) decreases by the amount of POPX coins paid to the user by the AMM smart contract. The returned VOTs are deactivated and removed from circulation, thereby reducing the total number of VOTs in circulation. During downvoting, the ToP Cap and the number of VOTs in circulation decrease proportionally, allowing the Downvote Price to remain at the same level after selling VOTs. *This section is subject to additions and modifications. Stay tuned for updates.*